Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Durango, Sigma 119, Fracc. 20 de Noviembre II, 34220 Durango, Durango, Mexico.
yherrera@ipn.mx
Twelve years after publication of the floristic treatment “Las Gramíneas de Durango”, a list of accepted names is updated based on recent botanical work in Durango, Mexico. Ninety-one genera, 367 species, 15 subspecies, 55 varieties and 2 forms are included. Of these, 14 genera are newly recognized for Durango, whereas 17 genera previously reported from the state are now treated as synonyms, and three genera previously recorded are excluded. At the specific and infraspecific levels, 46 changes for synonymy occurred. Fifteen species were excluded, while 43 species and 27 infraspecific taxa were added. Four species are reported as new records for the state.
Key words: additions, Durango, grasses, Mexico.
Después de 12 años que fuera publicado el tratamiento florístico de “Las gramíneas de Durango” se presenta una relación de nombres aceptados, actualizados con base en trabajos botánicos recientes, de las gramíneas de Durango, México. Se reconocen un total de 91 géneros, 367 especies, 15 subespecies, 55 variedades y 2 formas. De ellos, 14 géneros representan nuevos registros para la entidad, mientras que 17 previamente reconocidos corresponden a sinónimos en el inventario actual y se excluyen tres registrados anteriormente. En los niveles específico e infraespecífico, se realizaron 46 cambios por sinonimia. Quince especies se excluyeron, mientras que 43 y 27 taxa infraespecíficos se adicionaron. Cuatro especies resultaron ser nuevos registros para el estado.
Palabras clave: adiciones, Durango, gramíneas, México.
Because of the great economic importance and large size of the family, the nomenclature of Poaceae is huge and elaborate. The first comprehensive treatment of grasses from North America was prepared by Beal (1896) and later Hitchcock (1913) prepared a treatment of Mexican grasses. In addition to making plant collections throughout the continent since the end of the 19th Century, American agrostologists continued to verify the identity of the taxa, as well as describe and apply names to new species. As a result of their efforts, a number of important floristic and floristic-ecologic reports from large regions have been published, e.g., North America (Hitchcock, 1935 and Hitchcock & Chase, 1951), “Nueva Galicia” (McVaugh, 1983), and “The grasslands of Durango” (Gentry, 1957). Most taxa have more than one name, because they were described by different authors, and some names have been repeatedly misapplied to different species. In both cases, valid names since have been established with the later names relegated to synonymy.
The first important catalogue of grasses in the New World was the “Index of American grasses”, edited by Chase and Niles (1962), who included all accepted names and synonymy known at the time. Another very recent compilation of this kind is the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Soreng et al. 2013, http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG, continually updated) with hard copies published by subfamilies (Judziewicz et al. 2000, Peterson et al. 2001, Zuloaga et al. 2003, and Soreng et al. 2003, 2013). Dávila et al. (2006) compiled and edited the corresponding data of the accepted names and synonymy for the Mexican taxa in the “Catálogo de las Gramíneas de México”. The present article is based on these two last catalogues, and has been further enriched by recently published treatments (e.g., Finot et al. 2004, Bess et al. 2006, Zuloaga et al. 2007, Bell and Columbus 2008, Valdés-Reyna et al. 2009, Columbus and Smith 2010, Peterson et al. 2010, Chemisquy et al. 2010, Peterson et al. 2012) and/or additions of new described species (Finot et al. 2004, Peterson et al. 2004, 2006, Peterson and Columbus 2009). In addition, I have included new reports based on review of recently collected grass specimens in the state of Durango (Herrera Arrieta et al. 2004, Herrera Arrieta and Cortés Ortíz 2009, 2010, Herrera Arrieta et al. 2012).
In conjunction with projects that the Mexican Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO) has funded to pursue biodiversity research, I have found that there are substantial changes that should be reported to the community of agrostologists, grassland students, and general users. These include newly found taxa, new synonyms, and corrections to erroneous determinations. The purpose of the current study is to review these changes and provide an updated list of the names of the currently accepted taxa for Durango.
Grass specimens from Durango are constantly being deposited by scientists and students at the CIIDIR herbarium, and this material has been the source of new records during the past 12 years. In addition, other important herbaria with many Mexican collections were examined: CHAPA, ENCB, HUAA, IEB, MEXU, SLPM, TAES, US. Most of the synonyms and nomenclatural changes follow those given in the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Soreng et al. 2013, http: //www.tropicos.org).
Tables 1 and 2 show the numerous modifications at the generic, specific or infraspecific level for grasses in Durango that have occurred during the last 12 years. Accepted taxa are displayed in bold.
In summary, an additional 15 genera are currently recognized as occurring in Durango (these indicated by * in Table 1 and 2), whereas 17 genera previously recognized for the state are now treated as synonyms (**Table 1). Three previously recorded genera are excluded: Allolepis Soderstr. & H.F. Decker, Guadua Kunth and Setariopsis Scribn. Guadua was based on an erroneous determination; Allolepis and Setariopsis were cited for Durango but a specimen was never found.
Forty-six changes due to synonymy occurred at the specific and infraspecific level (Table 1).
Table 1. Poaceae with nomenclatural changes. i) Species now considered synonyms of other species (either staying in the same genus or transferred to a different one). ii) Species for which the current recognized genus was segregated from another. iii) Species for which the previously recognized genus was synonymized under another. * New genera recognized as occurring in Durango. **Genera in synonymy.
|
Accepted name |
Old name (synonym) |
|
ii)*Achnatherum eminens (Cav.) Barkworth |
**Stipa eminens Cav. |
|
i) Arundinella hispida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kuntze |
Arundinella palmeri Vasey ex Beal |
|
iii) Bouteloua dactyloides (Nutt.) Columbus |
**Buchloë dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm. |
|
iii) Bouteloua reederorum Columbus |
**Cyclostachya stolonifera (Scribn.) Reeder & Reeder |
|
iii) Bouteloua polymorpha (E. Fourn.) Columbus |
**Pentarrhaphis polymorpha (E. Fourn.) Griffiths |
|
iii) Cenchrus clandestinus (Hochst. & Chiov.) Morrone |
**Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. & Chiov. |
|
i) Cenchrus michoacanus H.F. Gut. & Morrone |
Pennisetum crinitum (Kunth) Spreng. |
|
i) Cenchrus spinifex Cav. |
Cenchrus incertus M.A. Curtis |
|
i) Cenchrus longisetus M.C. Johnst. |
Pennisetum villosum R. Br. ex Fresen. |
|
ii)*Chascolytrum subaristatum (Lam.) Desv. |
**Briza subaristata Lam. |
|
ii) Dinebra panicea subsp. mucronata (Michx.) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow |
Leptochloa mucronata (Michx.) Kunth |
|
ii)*Diplachne fusca subsp. fascicularis (Lam.) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow |
Leptochloa fascicularis (Lam.) A. Gray |
|
ii) Diplachne fusca subsp. uninervia (J. Presl) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow |
Leptochloa uninervia (J. Presl) Hitchc. & Chase |
|
ii)*Disakisperma dubium (Kunth) P.M. Peterson |
Leptochloa dubia (Kunth) Nees & N. Snow |
|
ii) Distichlis eludens (Soderstr. & H.F. Decker) H.L. Bell & Columbus |
**Reederochloa eludens Soderstr. & H.F. Decker |
|
ii) Elymus arizonicus (Scribn. & J.G. Sm.) Gould |
Agropyron spicatum (Pursh) Scribn. var. arizonicum (Scribn. & J.G. Sm.) M.E. Jones |
|
iii) Elymus elymoides (Raf.) Swezey |
**Sitanion hystrix (Nutt.) J.G. Sm. |
|
ii) Elymus repens (L.) Gould |
**Agropyron repens (L.) P. Beauv. |
|
ii) Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners |
Agropyron trachycaulum (Link) Malte ex H.F. Lewis |
|
ii)*Hopia obtusa (Kunth) Zuloaga & Morrone |
Panicum obtusum Kunth |
|
ii) Leptochloa crinita (Lag.) P.M. Peterson |
Chloris crinita Lag & N. Snow |
|
ii)*Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B.K. Simon |
Panicum maximum Jacq.& S.W.L. Jacobs |
|
ii)*Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka |
**Rhynchelytrum repens (Willd.) C.E. Hubb. |
|
ii)*Mnesithea granularis (L.) de Koning & Sosef |
**Hackelochloa granularis (L.) Kuntze |
|
iii) Muhlenbergia alopecuroides (Griseb.) P. M. Peterson & Columbus |
**Lycurus setosus (Nutt.) Reeder |
|
iii) Muhlenbergia biloba Hitchc. |
**Bealia mexicana Scribn. |
|
iii) Muhlenbergia cenchroides (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) P.M. Peterson |
**Aegopogon cenchroides Humb. & Bonpl.ex Willd. |
|
i) Muhlenbergia emersleyi Vasey |
Muhlenbergia distans Swallen |
|
iii) Muhlenbergia ligulata (E. Fourn.) Scribn. & Merr. |
**Chaboissaea ligulata E. Fourn. |
|
iii) Muhlenbergia pereilema P.M. Peterson |
**Pereilema crinitum J. Presl |
|
iii) Muhlenbergia phalaroides (Kunth) P.M. Peterson |
Lycurus phalaroides Kunth |
|
iii) Muhlenbergia phleoides (Kunth) Columbus |
Lycurus phleoides Kunth |
|
iii) Muhlenbergia shepherdii (Vasey) Swallen |
**Blepharoneuron shepherdii (Vasey) P.M. Peterson & Annable |
|
iii) Muhlenbergia subbiflora Hitchc. |
Chaboissaea subbiflora (Hitchc.) Reeder & C. Reeder |
|
iii) Muhlenbergia tricholepis (Torr.) Columbus |
Blepharoneuron tricholepis (Torr.) Nash |
|
iii) Muhlenbergia uniseta (Lag.) Columbus |
Aegopogon tenellus (DC.) Trin. |
|
i) Paspalum denticulatum Trin. |
Paspalum lividum Trin. ex Schltdl. |
|
ii)*Peyritschia deyeuxioides (Kunth) Finot |
Trisetum deyeuxioides (Kunth) Kunth |
|
ii)*Peyritschia pringlei (Scribn.) S.D. Koch |
Trisetum kochianum Hern. Torres |
|
i) Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. |
Setaria lutescens (Weigel ex Stuntz) F.T. Hubb. |
|
ii)*Steinchisma cuprea (Hitchc. & Chase) W.V. Br. |
Panicum cupreum Hitchc. & Chase |
|
ii)*Torreyochloa pallida var. pauciflora (J. Presl) J.I. Davis |
Glyceria pauciflora J. Presl |
|
i) Trachypogon spicatus (L. f.) Kuntze |
Trachypogon plumosus (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Nees |
|
i) Urochloa fusca (Sw.) B.F. Hansen & Wunderlin |
Urochloa fasciculata Kunth |
|
ii)*Zuloagaea bulbosa (Kunth) Bess |
Panicum bulbosum Kunth |
I excluded the following 15 species because they were based on misidentifications: Agrostis alba L. (synonym of Poa nemoralis L.), Allolepis texana (Vasey) Soderstr. & H.F. Decker, Aristida purpurea var. parishii (Hitchc.) Allred, Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv., Bouteloua disticha (Kunth) Benth., Elymus interruptus Buckley, Eragrostis obtusiflora (E. Fourn.) Scribn., Festuca rubra L., Guadua longifolia (E. Fourn.) R.W. Pohl, Hordeum arizonicum Covas, Leptoloma cognata (Schult.) Chase, Panicum virgatum L., Setariopsis latiglumis (Vasey) Scribn., Sorghastrum brunneum Swallen, Urochloa texana (Buckley) R.D. Webster.
Forty-three species, 5 subspecies and 22 varieties were added to the previous treatment (Table 2).
Table 2. Additional taxa (species and infraspecific taxa) not reported in 2001. i = New records for Durango; ii = Recently described species not listed in Herrera Arrieta, 2001; iii = Reported in Herrera Arrieta et al., 2012; iv = Reported in Herrera Arrieta & Cortés Ortíz, 2010; v = excluded in 2001 but now confirmed to occur in the state.
|
Species |
|
|
Bothriochloa palmeri (Hack.) Pilg. |
iv |
|
Bothriochloa perforata (Trin. ex E. Fourn.) Herter |
v |
|
Bothriochloa saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb. |
v |
|
Bothriochloa springfieldii (Gould) Parodi |
iv |
|
Bouteloua rigidiseta (Steud.) Hitchc. |
iv |
|
Cenchrus brownii Roem. & Schult. |
iv |
|
Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.) Fernald |
iv |
|
Calamagrostis divaricata P.M. Peterson & Soreng |
ii |
|
Digitaria pubiflora (Vasey) Wipff. |
i |
|
Dinebra panicea (Retz.) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow |
iv |
|
Diplachne fusca (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult. |
iv |
|
Elymus canadensis L. |
i |
|
Eragrostis barrelieri Daveau |
v |
|
Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees |
iv |
|
Eragrostis erosa Scribn. ex Beal |
v |
|
Eragrostis pringlei Mattei |
iv |
|
Eriochloa contracta Hitchc. |
iv |
|
Festuca arizonica Vasey |
iv |
|
*Hesperostipa neomexicana (Thurb.) Barkworth |
v |
|
Hordeum jubatum L. |
v |
|
Leptochloa pluriflora (E. Fourn.) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow |
v |
|
Luziola fluitans (Michx.) Terrell & H. Rob. |
i |
|
Muhlenbergia filiculmis Vasey |
iii |
|
Muhlenbergia longiglumis Vasey |
iv |
|
Muhlenbergia mucronata (Kunth) Trin. |
iv |
|
Muhlenbergia plumbea (Trin.) Hitchc. |
iv |
|
Muhlenbergia stricta (J. Presl) Kunth |
v |
|
Muhlenbergia torreyi (Kunth) Hitchc. ex Bush |
iv |
|
Muhlenbergia villiflora Hitchc. |
v |
|
Paspalum dilatatum Poir. |
i |
|
Paspalum jaliscanum Chase |
iv |
|
Piptochaetium pringlei (Beal) Parodi |
v |
|
Poa matri-occidentalis P.M. Peterson & Soreng |
ii |
|
Sorghastrum nudipes Nash |
v |
|
Sporobolus contractus Hitchc. |
v |
|
Sporobolus spiciformis Swallen |
iv |
|
Steinchisma hians (Elliott) Nash |
v |
|
Tridens albescens (Vasey) Wooton & Standl. |
iv |
|
Trisetum durangense Finot & P.M. Peterson |
ii |
|
Trisetum martha-gonzaleziae P.M. Peterson & Finot |
ii |
|
Trisetum palmeri Hitchc. |
iv |
|
Trisetum spicatum (L.) K. Richt. |
iv |
|
Urochloa discifera (E. Fourn.) Morrone & Zuloaga |
iv |
|
Subspecies |
|
|
Distichlis spicata subsp. stricta (Torr.) Thorne |
iv |
|
Dinebra panicea subsp. brachiata (Steud.) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow |
iv |
|
Elymus elymoides subsp. brevifolius (J.G. Sm.) Barkworth |
iv |
|
Paspalum dilatatum Poir. subsp. dilatatum |
i |
|
Poa matri-occidentalis P.M. Peterson & Soreng subsp. matri-occidentalis |
ii |
|
Varieties |
|
|
Aristida schiedeana Trin. & Rupr. var. schiedeana |
iv |
|
Aristida ternipes var. gentilis (Henrard) Allred |
iv |
|
Aristida ternipes Cav. var. ternipes |
iv |
|
Bothriochloa laguroides var. laguroides (DC.) Herter |
i |
|
Bothriochloa saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb. var. saccharoides |
iv |
|
Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon (Elliott) Gould var. sphaerocarpon |
iv |
|
Distichlis spicata var. mexicana Beetle |
iv |
|
Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) P. Beauv. var. crusgalli |
iv |
|
Echinochloa crusgalli var. zelayensis (Kunth) Hitchc. |
iv |
|
Echinochloa crus-pavonis (Kunth) Schult. var. crus-pavonis |
iv |
|
Echinochloa muricata var. microstachya Wiegand |
iv |
|
Elymus canadensis L. var. canadensis |
i |
|
Eragrostis pectinacea var. miserrima (E. Fourn.) Reeder |
iv |
|
Eragrostis pectinacea (Michx.) Nees var. pectinacea |
iv |
|
Glyceria striata (Lam.) Hitchc. var. striata |
i |
|
Gouinia virgata (J. Presl) Scribn. var. virgata |
iv |
|
Muhlenbergia villiflora Hitchc. var. villiflora |
iv |
|
Oplismenus burmannii (Retz.) P. Beauv. var. burmannii |
iv |
|
Oplismenus burmannii var. nudicaulis (Vasey) McVaugh |
iv |
|
Panicum alatum Zuloaga & Morrone var. alatum |
iv |
|
Trisetum filifolium var. aristatum Scribn. ex Beal |
iv |
|
Vulpia myuros var. hirsuta Hack. |
iv |
The final result is the recognition of 91 genera, 367 species, 15 subspecies, 55 varieties and 2 forms (listed in Appendix below); it is worth mentioning that four species (Digitaria pubiflora, Elymus canadensis, Luziola fluitans, and Paspalum dilatatum) are new records for Durango.
I thank the Instituto Politécnico Nacional (SIP, COFAA) for facilities and financial support carried out at IPN CIIDIR Durango, in the framework of the project “Pastos más comunes en Durango” SIP-20031025; and CONABIO for financial support to the projects R010 y V024. I also recognize and thank the time dedicated to the revision of this manuscript by anonymous reviewers and by S. González and P.M. Peterson, whose recommendations substantially improved the present manuscript. Many thanks are given to my colleagues for the help at the herbarium CIIDIR.
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Recibido en junio de 2012.
Aceptado en junio de 2013.
Updated list of Poaceae in Durango, Mexico
Achnatherum eminens (Cav.) Barkworth
Agrostis exarata Trin.
A. liebmannii (E. Fourn.) Hitchc.
A. perennans (Walter) Tuck.
A. rosei Scribn. & Merr.
A. scabra Willd.
A. tolucensis Kunth
Andropogon gerardii Vitman
A. glomeratus var. pumilus (Vasey) Vasey
A. pringlei Scribn. & Merr.
Anthoxanthum odoratum L.
Aristida adscensionis L.
A. appressa Vasey
A. arizonica Vasey
A. divaricata Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
A. eludens Allred & Valdés-Reyna
A. gibbosa (Nees) Kunth
A. havardii Vasey
A. laxa Cav. var. laxa
A. pansa Wooton & Standl. fo. pansa
A. purpurea var. nealleyi (Vasey) Allred
A. purpurea Nutt. var. purpurea
A. schiedeana var. orcuttiana (Vasey) Allred & Valdés-Reyna
A. schiedeana Trin. & Rupr. var. schiedeana
A. scribneriana Hitchc.
A. spanospicula Allred, Valdés-Reyna & Sánchez-Ken
A. ternipes var. gentilis (Henrard) Allred
A. ternipes Cav. var. ternipes
Arundinella hispida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kuntze
Arundo donax L. fo. donax
Avena fatua L.
A. sativa L.
Axonopus mexicanus G.A. Black
Bothriochloa alta (Hitchc.) Henrard
B. barbinodis (Lag.) Herter
B. laguroides (DC.) Herter var. laguroides
B. palmeri (Hack.) Pilg.
B. perforata (Trin. ex E. Fourn.) Herter
B. saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb. var. saccharoides
B. springfieldii (Gould) Parodi
B. wrightii (Hack.) Henrard
Bouteloua aristidoides (Kunth) Griseb. var. aristidoides
B. barbata Lag. var. barbata
B. chondrosioides (Kunth) Benth. & S. Watson
B. curtipendula var. caespitosa Gould & Kapadia
B. curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. var. curtipendula
B. curtipendula var. tenuis Gould & Kapadia
B. dactyloides (Nutt.) Columbus
B. gracilis (Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths
B. hirsuta var. glandulosa (Cerv.) Gould
B. hirsuta Lag. var. hirsuta
B. parryi var. gentryi (Gould) Gould
B. parryi (E. Fourn.) Griffiths var. parryi
B. polymorpha (E. Fourn.) Columbus
B. radicosa (E. Fourn.) Griffiths
B. ramosa Scribn. ex Vasey
B. reederorum Columbus
B. repens (Kunth) Scribn.
B. rigidiseta (Steud.) Hitchc.
B. scorpioides Lag.
B. simplex Lag.
B. uniflora var. coahuilensis Gould & Kapadia
Brachypodium mexicanum (Roem. & Schult.) Link var. mexicanum
Bromus anomalus Rupr. ex E. Fourn.
B. carinatus var. californicus Shear
B. catharticus Vahl var. catharticus
B. mucroglumis Wagon
B. porteri (J.M. Coult.) Nash
B. richardsonii Link
B. thysanoglottis Soderstr. & Beaman
Calamagrostis divaricata P.M. Peterson & Soreng
C. pringlei Scribn. ex Beal
C. valida Sohns
Cenchrus brownii Roem. & Schult.
C. ciliaris L.
C. clandestinus (Hochst. ex Chiov.) Morrone
C. echinatus L.
C. longispinus (Hack.) Fernald
C. michoacanus H.F. Gut. & Morrone
C. multiflorus J. Presl
C. myosuroides Kunth var. myosuroides
C. spinifex Cav.
C. villosus (R. Br. ex Fresen.) Kuntze
Chascolytrum subaristatum (Lam.) Desv.
Chloris gayana Kunth
C. rufescens Lag.
C. submutica Kunth
C. virgata Sw.
Cortaderia selloana (Schult. & Schult. f.) Asch. & Graebn.
Cottea pappophoroides Kunth
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
C. plectostachyus (K. Schum.) Pilg.
Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd.
Dasyochloa pulchella (Kunth) Willd. ex Rydb.
Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin.
Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon (Elliott) Gould var. sphaerocarpon
Digitaria californica (Benth.) Henrard var. californica
D. ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler
D. filiformis (L.) Koeler
D. insularis (L.) Fedde
D. panicea (Sw.) Urb.
D. pubiflora (Vasey) Wipff.
D. sanguinalis (L.) Scop.
D. ternata (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf
Dinebra panicea ssp. brachiata (Steud.) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow
D. panicea ssp. mucronata (Michx.) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow
Diplachne fusca ssp. fascicularis (Lam.) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow
D. fusca ssp. uninervia (J. Presl) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow
Disakisperma dubium (Kunth) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow
Distichlis eludens (Soderstr. & H.F. Decker) H.L. Bell & Columbus
D. spicata var. mexicana Beetle
D. spicata ssp. stricta (Torr.) Thorne
Echinochloa colona (L.) Link
E. crusgalli (L.) P. Beauv. var. crusgalli
E. crusgalli var. zelayensis (Kunth) Hitchc.
E. crus-pavonis (Kunth) Schult. var. crus-pavonis
E. holciformis (Kunth) Chase
E. muricata var. microstachya Wiegand
E. oplismenoides (E. Fourn.) Hitchc.
E. polystachya (Kunth) Hitchc. var. polystachya
Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.
E. multiflora Hochst. ex A. Rich.
Elionurus barbiculmis Hack.
E. tripsacoides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Elymus arizonicus (Scribn. & J.G. Sm.) Gould
E. canadensis L. var. canadensis
E. elymoides ssp. brevifolius (J.G. Sm.) Barkworth
E. repens (L.) Gould ssp. repens
E. riparius Wiegand
E. trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners ssp. trachycaulus
Enneapogon desvauxii P. Beauv.
Eragrostis barrelieri Daveau
E. cilianensis (All.) Vignolo ex Janch.
E. ciliaris (L.) R. Br. var. ciliaris
E. curvula (Schrad.) Nees
E. erosa Scribn. ex Beal
E. glandulosa L.H. Harv.
E. intermedia Hitchc. var. intermedia
E. lehmanniana Nees
E. lugens Nees
E. maypurensis (Kunth) Steud.
E. mexicana (Hornem.) Link ssp. mexicana
E. palmeri S. Watson
E. pectinacea var. miserrima (E. Fourn.) Reeder
E. pectinacea (Michx.) Nees var. pectinacea
E. pilosa (L.) P. Beauv.
E. pringlei Mattei
E. viscosa (Retz.) Trin.
Eriochloa acuminata (J. Presl) Kunth var. acuminata
E. aristata Vasey var. aristata
E. contracta Hitchc.
E. lemmonii Vasey & Scribn.
E. nelsonii Scribn. & J.G. Sm.
Erioneuron avenaceum (Kunth) Tateoka var. avenaceum
E. nealleyi (Vasey) Tateoka
Festuca amplissima Rupr.
F. arizonica Vasey
F. breviglumis Swallen
F. pringlei St. Yves
F. rosei Piper
F. tolucensis Kunth
Glyceria fluitans (L.) R. Br.
G. striata (Lam.) Hitchc. var. striata
Gouinia virgata (J. Presl) Scribn. var. virgata
Hesperostipa neomexicana (Thurb.) Barkworth
Heteropogon contortus (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.
H. melanocarpus (Elliott) Benth.
Hilaria belangeri (Steud.) Nash var. belangeri
H. cenchroides Kunth
H. mutica (Buckley) Benth.
H. swallenii Cory
Hopia obtusa (Kunth) Zuloaga & Morrone
Hordeum jubatum L.
Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf
Koeleria pyramidata (Lam.) P. Beauv.
Lasiacis nigra Davidse
L. procerrima (Hack.) Hitchc.
L. ruscifolia (Kunth) Hitchc.
Leersia hexandra Sw.
Leptochloa crinita (Lag.) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow
L. pluriflora (E. Fourn.) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow
Lolium multiflorum Lam.
L. perenne L.
Luziola fluitans (Michx.) Terrell & H. Rob.
Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B.K. Simon & S.W.L. Jacobs
Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka
Microchloa kunthii Desv.
Mnesithea granularis (L.) de Koning & Sosef
Muhlenbergia alamosae Vasey
M. alopecuroides (Griseb.) P.M. Peterson & Columbus
M. annua (Vasey) Swallen
M. arenicola Buckley
M. arizonica Scribn.
M. asperifolia (Nees & Meyen ex Trin.) Parodi
M. biloba Hitchc.
M. brevifolia Scribn. ex Beal
M. brevis C.O. Goodd.
M. brevivaginata Swallen
M. cenchroides (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) P.M. Peterson
M. ciliata (Kunth) Trin.
M. crispiseta Hitchc.
M. depauperata Scribn.
M. diversiglumis Trin.
M. dubia E. Fourn.
M. dumosa Scribn. ex Beal
M. durangensis Y. Herrera
M. eludens C. Reeder
M. emersleyi Vasey
M. eriophylla Swallen
M. filiculmis Vasey
M. filiformis (Thurb. ex S. Watson) Rydb.
M. flavida Vasey
M. flaviseta Scribn.
M. fragilis Swallen
M. gigantea (E. Fourn.) Hitchc.
M. glauca (Nees) B.D. Jacks.
M. implicata (Kunth) Trin.
M. ligulata (E. Fourn.) Scribn. & Merr.
M. longiglumis Vasey
M. longiligula Hitchc.
M. macroura (Kunth) Hitchc.
M. michisensis Y. Herrera & P.M. Peterson
M. microsperma (DC.) Kunth
M. minutissima (Steud.) Swallen
M. montana (Nutt.) Hitchc.
M. mucronata (Kunth) Trin.
M. palmeri Vasey
M. pauciflora Buckley
M. pectinata C.O. Goodd.
M. pereilema P.M. Peterson
M. peruviana (P. Beauv.) Steud.
M. phalaroides (Kunth) P.M. Peterson
M. phleoides (Kunth) Columbus
M. plumbea (Trin.) Hitchc.
M. polycaulis Scribn.
M. porteri Scribn. ex Beal
M. pubescens (Kunth) Hitchc.
M. quadridentata (Kunth) Trin.
M. ramulosa (Kunth) Swallen
M. reederorum Soderstr.
M. repens (J. Presl) Hitchc.
M. richardsonis (Trin.) Rydb.
M. rigens (Benth.) Hitchc.
M. rigida (Kunth) Trin.
M. robusta (E. Fourn.) Hitchc.
M. scoparia Vasey
M. setifolia Vasey
M. shepherdii (Vasey) Swallen
M. speciosa Vasey
M. stricta (J. Presl) Kunth
M. strictior Scribn. ex Beal
M. subaristata Swallen
M. subbiflora Hitchc.
M. tenella (Kunth) Trin.
M. tenuifolia (Kunth) Kunth
M. texana Buckley
M. torreyi (Kunth) Hitchc. ex Bush
M. tricholepis (Torr.) Columbus
M. uniseta (Lag.) Columbus
M. utilis (Torr.) Hitchc.
M. vaginata Swallen
M. villiflora Hitchc. var. villiflora
M. virescens (Kunth) Trin.
M. virletii (E. Fourn.) Soderstr.
Nassella leucotricha (Trin. & Rupr.) R.W. Pohl
N. mucronata (Kunth) R.W. Pohl
N. tenuissima (Trin.) Barkworth
Oplismenus burmannii (Retz.) P. Beauv. var. burmannii
O. burmannii var. nudicaulis (Vasey) McVaugh
O. compositus (L.) P. Beauv.
Otatea acuminata ssp. aztecorum (McClure & E.W. Sm.) R. Guzmán, Anaya & Santana
O. fimbriata Soderstr.
Panicum alatum Zuloaga & Morrone var. alatum
P. antidotale Retz.
P. decolorans Kunth
P. dichotomiflorum Michx.
P. hallii Vasey var. hallii
P. hirticaule var. verrucosum Zuloaga & Morrone
P. lepidulum Hitchc. & Chase
P. parcum Hitchc. & Chase
P. plenum Hitchc. & Chase
P. stramineum Hitchc. & Chase
P. trichoides Sw.
P. vaseyanum Scribn. ex Beal
Pappophorum bicolor E. Fourn.
P. vaginatum Buckley
Paspalum conjugatum P.J. Bergius
P. convexum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Flüggé
P. crinitum Chase
P. denticulatum Trin.
P. dilatatum Poir. ssp. dilatatum
P. distichum L.
P. humboldtianum Flüggé
P. jaliscanum Chase
P. notatum Flüggé
P. plicatulum Michx.
P. prostratum Scribn. & Merr.
P. pubiflorum Rupr. ex E. Fourn.
Peyritschia deyeuxioides (Kunth) Finot
P. pringlei (Scribn.) S.D. Koch
Phalaris canariensis L.
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.
Piptochaetium brevicalyx ssp. flexuosum Barkworth
P. fimbriatum (Kunth) Hitchc.
P. pringlei (Beal) Parodi
P. virescens (Kunth) Parodi
Poa annua L.
P. matri-occidentalis P.M. Peterson & Soreng ssp. matri-occidentalis
P. strictiramea Hitchc.
Polypogon elongatus Kunth
P. interruptus Kunth
P. monspeliensis (L.) Desf.
P. viridis (Gouan) Breistr.
Rhipidocladum racemiflorum (Steud.) McClure
Schizachyrium cirratum (Hack.) Wooton & Standl.
S. sanguineum (Retz.) Alston
S. scoparium var. neomexicanum (Nash) Hitchc.
S. tenerum Nees
Scleropogon brevifolius Phil.
Setaria adhaerens (Forssk.) Chiov.
S. grisebachii E. Fourn.
S. latifolia (Scribn.) R.A.W. Herrm.
S. leucopila (Scribn. & Merr.) K. Schum.
S. liebmannii E. Fourn.
S. macrostachya Kunth
S. parviflora (Poir) Kerguélen
S. pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult.
S. scheelei (Steud.) Hitchc.
S. verticillata (L.) P. Beauv.
S. viridis (L.) P. Beauv.
Sorghastrum nudipes Nash
S. nutans (L.) Nash
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench
S. halepense (L.) Pers.
Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Scribn.
Sporobolus airoides (Torr.) Torr. var. airoides
S. atrovirens (Kunth) Kunth
S. coahuilensis Valdés-Reyna
S. contractus Hitchc.
S. cryptandrus (Torr.) A. Gray
S. indicus (L.) R. Br. var. indicus
S. macrospermus Scribn. ex Beal
S. palmeri Scribn.
S. pyramidatus (Lam.) Hitchc.
S. spiciformis Swallen
S. trichodes Hitchc.
S. wrightii Munro ex Scribn.
Steinchisma cuprea (Hitchc. & Chase) W.V. Br.
S. hians (Elliott) Nash
Torreyochloa pallida var. pauciflora (J. Presl) J.I. Davis
Trachypogon spicatus (L. f.) Kuntze
Tragus berteronianus Schult.
Tridens albescens (Vasey) Wooton & Standl.
T. muticus (Torr.) Nash
Tripogon spicatus (Nees) Ekman
Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. var. dactyloides
T. lanceolatum Rupr. ex E. Fourn.
T. pilosum Scribn. & Merr.
T. zopilotense Hern.-Xol. & Randolph
Trisetum durangense Finot & P.M. Peterson
T. filifolium var. aristatum Scribn. ex Beal
T. irazuense (Kuntze) Hitchc.
T. martha-gonzaleziae P.M. Peterson & Finot
T. palmeri Hitchc.
T. spicatum (L.) K. Richt.
T. viride (Kunth) Kunth
T. virletii E. Fourn.
Tristachya laxa Scribn. & Merr.
Triticum aestivum L.
Urochloa arizonica (Scribn. & Merr.) Morrone & Zuloaga
U. discifera (E. Fourn.) Morrone & Zuloaga
U. fusca (Sw.) B.F. Hansen & Wunderlin
U. meziana (Hitchc.) Morrone & Zuloaga
U. plantaginea (Link) R.D. Webster
Vulpia microstachys (Nutt.) Munro
V. myuros var. hirsuta Hack.
V. octoflora (Walter) Rydb.
Zea mays L. ssp. mays
Z. mays ssp. mexicana (Schrad.) H.H. Iltis
Zuloagaea bulbosa (Kunth) Bess