Engellaria (Caryophyllaceae), un nuevo género norteamericano segregado de Stellaria

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21829/abm128.2021.1846

Palabras clave:

datos moleculares, Engellaria obtusa, moorfología

Resumen

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Stellaria tradicionalmente incluye 150-200 especies principalmente distribuidas en las regiones templadas de Eurasia y América del Norte. Estudios moleculares mostraron que Stellaria es polifilética e incluye aproximadamente 120 especies. El género tiene una alta variabilidad fenotípica que ha llevado a desórdenes nomenclaturales lo que dificulta la identificación de las diversas especies. Se presenta una nota sobre un taxón actualmente aceptado bajo el género Stellaria -Stellaria obtusa- que debe reconocerse como un género separado, aquí propuesto como Engellaria gen. nov.
Métodos: El trabajo está basado en la revisión de especímenes de herbarios americanos y europeos y en el análisis de la literatura.
Resultados clave: Datos moleculares disponibles muestran que Stellaria obtusa no está incluida en el clado Stellaria s.s., pero que es basal a otro clado que comprende los géneros Honckenya, Schiedea y Wilhelmsia. Stellaria obtusa, por lo tanto, fue comparada con estos tres grupos y con los miembros apétalos morfológicamente similares de Stellaria s.s. (S. crispa, S. media, S. pallida y S. irrigua). Los resultados obtenidos conducen al reconocimiento de S. obtusa como un nuevo género monotípico norteaméricano separado. Se propone una clave diagnóstica de los miembros apétalos pertenecientes a los géneros americanos de Caryophyllaceae. Finalmente, los nombres Stellaria obtusa y Stellaria washingtoniana (= S. obtusa) se lectotipifican basado en especímenes depositados, respectivamente, en UC (isolectotipos en GH, NY y YU) y GH (isolectotipos en BM, CAN, CAS, CS, DOV, F, GH, K, MIN, MSC, NY, US y VT), respectivamente. Para el nombre Alsine viridula (= S. obtusa) el holotipo se encontró en USA (isotipos en CAS, F, GH, NY, OSC, RM y UC).
Conclusiones: Stellaria obtusa no pertenece al género Stellaria. El presente estudio muestra cómo el uso combinado de datos morfológicos y análisis filogenéticos ayudó a aclarar la posición taxonómica de grupos de plantas difíciles, como Stellaria.

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2021-06-11

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Iamonico, D. (2021). Engellaria (Caryophyllaceae), un nuevo género norteamericano segregado de Stellaria. Acta Botanica Mexicana, (128). https://doi.org/10.21829/abm128.2021.1846
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