Taxonomic identification and histochemical tests of coprophilous ascomycetes from the municipality of Zempoala, Hidalgo, Mexico, including a new species of Coprotus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21829/abm132.2025.2369Keywords:
fimicolous ascomycetes, fungal metabolites, herbivore dung, mycobiote, xerophytic scrubAbstract
Background and Aims: Coprophilous ascomycetes are saprobic organisms capable of degrading plant material that was not fully descomposed in the process of animal digestion. In the most recent global review, a total of 9666 records of ascomycetes were reported in 1376 excreta. For Mexico, during the 1970’s 23 new species were described of the country, and to date the research of this group of fungi has not been carried out in depth. The objective of this study is to analyze the taxonomic diversity of fimicolous fungi from a xerophilous shrubland in the state of Hidalgo, including qualitative histochemical tests.
Methods: Excreta samples were collected between 2023 and 2024. In the laboratory, they were placed in a wet chamber for two months so that the fruiting bodies could develop. The material was determined based on macro- and microscopic morphological characters. In addition, qualitative histochemical tests were carried out. The material was deposited in the herbarium ENCB.
Key results: Twenty-nine species were determined in 19 genera, 14 families and four orders of Ascomycota, of which 16 are cited for the first time for the country. Moreover, Coprotus sangabrielensis is proposed as new to science and a taxonomic key is presented for the species in this study. Qualitative histochemical tests reveal that the fimicolous ascomycetes studied may contain alkaloids, terpenoids and polysaccharides.
Conclusions: With the present study, the number of known species of coprophilous ascomycetes for the Mexican mycobiota was increased to 127. It is also the first study to consider histochemical tests in coprophilous fungi from Mexico, suggesting that the main metabolite groups are alkaloids, terpenoids, and polysaccharides, located mainly in asci and paraphyses, important for their use in future biotechnological applications.
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