In vitro germination and callogenesis of Cuitlauzina candida (Orchidaceae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21829/abm133.2026.2647Keywords:
asymbiotic germination, culture media, epiphytic orchids, in vitro propagation, scotoperiodAbstract
Background and Aims: Cuitlauzina candida is an orchid native to the Soconusco region, Chiapas, Mexico, whose natural regeneration is limited by low germination rates and habitat disturbance. The aim of this study was to establish an asymbiotic in vitro germination protocol and evaluate the effect of culture medium and scotoperiod on germination, protocorm formation, callogenesis, and protocorm-like body (PLB) formation.
Methods: The viability of immature seeds of Cuitlauzina candida was evaluated using the tetrazolium test (TTC). Seeds were sown on four culture media (Yasuda 10% and 100%, Dalla Rosa & Laneri, and Murashige & Skoog) under two darkness regimes: a 12 h scotoperiod (12 h dark/12 h light) and continuous darkness (24 h), using a completely randomized factorial design. Development was recorded at different stages.
Key results: Seed viability of Cuitlauzina candida was high (87.3%). At 29 days after sowing, more than 78 % of the seeds reached the imbibition stage in all treatments. Initial protocorm formation ranged from 89.34% to 98.71%. Callus and PLB formation occurred only under continuous darkness (24 h), particularly in Yasuda 100% and Dalla Rosa & Laneri media. Treatments exposed to 12 h light showed high oxidation levels and failed to develop PLBs.
Conclusions: Although germination and early differentiation occurred efficiently in several media, progression to advanced developmental stages was mainly limited by oxidation. Continuous darkness and culture medium composition were determinant factors for PLB formation, providing a basis for optimizing propagation protocols.
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