Taxonomic update of marine Cyanoprokaryotes of Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21829/abm133.2026.2650Keywords:
Floristic list, Marine algae, Mexican Atlantic, Mexican PacificAbstract
Background and Aims: Cyanoprokaryotes are the earliest organisms capable of oxygenic photosynthesis; they exhibit great morphological diversity and a wide geographic distribution, both in aquatic and extremophilic environments. They are primary producers, and some species generate toxins and harmful algal blooms that impact ecosystems and public health. In Mexico, they have been little studied, and their diversity is underestimated primarily due to identification relying exclusively on morphology. This study aims to provide a comprehensive taxonomic update that allows for a more precise characterization of the group’s diversity.
Methods: A comprehensive review of publications containing records of marine Cyanoprokaryotes along the coasts of Mexico up to 2026 was conducted. The catalog published in 2001 by Ortega and co-workers (which covers records from 1822 to 1997 in the Mexican Atlantic) was taken as a starting point; including the collection environment and updated taxonomic status of each record. For the Pacific coast, the work began from scratch, as no published compilations exist.
Key results: A total of 271 valid species records of Marine Cyanoprokaryotes were obtained for the coasts of Mexico distributed across 12 orders, 42 families, and 95 genera. The most representative orders were Nostocales, with 28% (75 species), followed by Oscillatoriales, with 22% (61 species).
Conclusions: The valid species of Marine Cyanoprokaryotes identified in Mexico, provide a more accurate view of the group’s species richness and serve as a starting point for future studies. However, many species were described based on general studies from temperate, cold, or freshwater environments, leading to inconsistencies regarding the country’s diversity. Therefore, it is essential to adopt a polyphasic approach to generate more comprehensive and precise knowledge regarding the diversity of these organisms in Mexico.
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